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Evolution Theory Limited to Mental Leap
This article first appeared in the Northwest Baptist Witness Vol. 69, No. 9 September 29, 1999
With the recent decision by the Kansas State Board of
Education to no longer require the teaching of evolution in Kansas public schools, many
are wondering why, in an age of science, such a decision would be made.
To better understand this decision, we must better
understand the theory of evolution and creationism.
This is the first part of a three-part series that will
explore three questions key to this issue: What is Evolution?, What is Creationism? and Is
Evolution Compatible with the Bible?
What is Evolution?
In 1831 Charles Darwin embarked on a voyage aboard the
HMS Beagle. It was a voyage that would carry him geographically, to the Galapagos Islands
and ideologically to the theory of Darwinian Evolution.
On these islands, Darwin observed finches that had adapted
to their environment through a series of minute changes in their physical characteristics.
One variety of finch isolated on one island had a slightly longer beak while another
variety on a different island had a curved beak. The changes allowed each to reach insects
in drastically different environments.
It was known that domesticated animals could be purposely
bred to develop certain physical characteristics and now Darwin had seen the same thing in
wild animals.
Micro-evolution is small-scale hereditary changes in
organisms through mutations and recombinations, resulting in the formation of slightly
differing new varieties.
Micro-evolution is a fact. It is accepted by both
evolutionists and creationists. It is observable, testable, and repeatable, making it
subject to the scientific process.
From his observations of micro-evolution, Darwin made a
mental leap to suggest that minute changes could add up to major changes over vast periods
of time. This is known today as macro-evolution.
Macro-evolution is the large-scale and long-range evolution
involving the appearance of new genera, families, etc. of organisms. For example, the idea
that a dog could be bred into a cat.
However, Darwin based his theory on a mental exercise with
no empirical scientific evidence - one that would rely or be based solely on experiment
and observation rather than theory.
Today, over a century later, there still is no empirical
scientific evidence despite the massive amount of time, research, and money that has been
devoted to this issue.
Of all of the millions of fossils collected and studied to
date, not one shows a transition from one creature into another. There are no fossils
showing scales slowing changing into feathers. There are fossils of scales and fossils of
feathers, but no fossils showing a scale transforming into a feather.
An offer of $250,000 for any empirical scientific evidence
for evolution remains unclaimed. For more on this, see www.drdino.com.
Macro-evolution can not be observed, tested or repeated. It
is therefore not subject to the scientific process. It can never be proved or
demonstrated. All the theories are based on the imagination of mankind.
It is literally stories made up by man to explain the world
around him and as such falls into the category of religion - not science. For more on this
issue, see www.christiananswers.net
Creation Theory Explains Time Passage
This article first appeared in the Northwest Baptist Witness Vol. 69, No. 10 October 27, 1999
What is Creationism?
Although there are hundreds of verses used to support
Creationism, there are three key passages of scripture that form the foundation of
Creationism.
Genesis 1:6-8 establishes that on the second day of
creation, God created a layer of water or ice (called the water canopy) above the sky.
This water canopy acted as a protective layer that filtered out the harmful rays of the
sun and cosmic radiation, kept the entire planet at a tropical environment, and increased
the barometric pressure.
Such conditions have been shown to drastically increase
growth rate and health. This would account for not only the size of the dinosaurs, but
also the 11-foot, fully-human skeleton fossils, the 8-foot beaver fossils, the 6-foot palm
leaf (not branch but leaf) fossils and, well, you get the idea. It would also account for
how two naked people could sleep comfortably after sundown.
The second scripture passage, Genesis 7:11-12, establishes
the destruction of the water canopy at the time of the flood. The loss of the water canopy
would expose all life on earth to a harmful environment, which would greatly reduce the
life expectancy and stunt our growth.
The Bible records that the life-span of people dropped
drastically after the flood (see Genesis 5 and 11). The flood would have created almost
all of the fossils in the fossil record, accounted for the mass amount of sedimentary rock
found, caused the ice age over a short period of time and carved the canyons around the
world.
To create a fossil, three things are needed: a quick burial,
the proper chemicals, and great pressure. All present in the flood. Long periods of time
are not needed.
The flood and the breaking up of fountains of the deep would
have stirred up the dirt and rock, which would have settled out into the sedimentary
layers we see. Before these layers had a chance to harden into rock, the flood waters
could have carved huge canyons in a matter of hours or days as they receded to the oceans
just like what happened at Mount St. Helens in 1980. (See Psalm 104:6-9 and
www.creationism.org/sthelens.) It is interesting to note that sedimentary rock is found
even on the tops of the mountains!
One of the best theories on how God brought about the flood
is the comet theory. According to the comet theory, a large comet struck the earth 4,400
years ago. As it broke up in its approach to earth, the ice from the comet was forced by
the Van Allen Belts toward the polar regions (but also reaching further down to create the
Ice Age).
As the comet passed through the water canopy, the comet
would have collapsed the canopy. As the comet struck the earth, the force would have
fractured the earth's crust causing the fountains of the deep to break forth. Further
evidence for this theory is the astronomical indications that the rotation of the earth on
its axis has been changing over the last 4,400 years and has been following the pattern
demonstrated by a spinning top that has been struck and began to wobble. The wobble has
been calculated to have originated 4,400 years ago, the same time as the great flood.
The main driver for this theory is the evidence of frozen
mammoths. Contrary to popular belief, they lived in a hot tropical environment
(90-degrees) and were frozen standing up while chewing their food (tropical plants can
still be found in their mouths and stomachs). To get the kind of quick freeze needed,
there would have been as much as a 300-degree drop in temperature. The ice from a comet
could conceivably produce such a rapid drop.
Finally, 2 Peter 3:3-7 establishes that the pre-flood world
was different from the world of today and that to ignore the effects of the flood is
willful ignorance. We can not determine such things as the age of the earth based on
natural processes of today because the pre-flood world was different from the world today.
The entire face and shape of the world was changed by the flood. Most questions regarding
the credibility of Genesis, the flood and the pre-flood world do not take into account the
fact that the pre-flood world was drastically different than the world in which we now
live. Evolutionists choose to ignore the flood and its impact because to do otherwise
would require an admission that man's sin brings the judgment of God. For more
information, see What is Scientific Creationism by Dr. Henry Morris and Gary
Parker. Next issue: Is Evolution Compatible with the Bible? Plus a website resource!
Is Evolution Compatible with the Bible?
This article first appeared in the Northwest Baptist Witness Vol. 69, No. 11 November 24, 1999
Is evolution compatible with the Bible? Couldn't God have
used evolution to create mankind? These are questions many Christians ask and many have
concluded that the answer is yes. However, let's consider four major problems with trying
to reconcile evolution with the Bible.
The first problem with reconciling evolution with the Bible is
Adam. Adam, as a historical character, is central to scripture. It was through Adam that
sin and death entered the world (Romans 5:12). Adam is used as the example of the original
intent of marriage (Matthew 19:4-5). Without Adam, there is no need for the crucifixion of
Christ (no Adam, no sin. No sin, no need for a Savior). In an evolutionary framework,
where does Adam fit? At what point was there one individual who could consciously decide
to obey and the entire population of the world descended from him?
The second problem is death. Death is central to the evolutionary
theory. Yet scripture teaches that death did not enter the world until after Adam sinned.
Those who try to reconcile evolution with the Bible answer this problem by declaring that
physical death has always existed and is a gift from God. But scripture calls death an
enemy (1 Corinthians 15:26).
The third problem is the plant/animal connection and their
placement in the creation week. Animals were not created until the fifth and sixth day,
yet plants were created on the third day (Genesis 1:11-13, 20-26). Plants need the carbon
dioxide from animals to survive. If the evolution of animals took millions of years, how
did the plants survive?
The final and biggest problem with reconciling evolution with the
Bible is the Genesis record of what happened on the fourth day of creation. Genesis places
the creation of the sun, moon and stars on the fourth day, after the creation of earth,
sky, land and plants. This makes the earth and even the plants older than the sun, moon
and stars. There is no theory of evolution that can be reconciled with this timeline.
Here's a point to ponder that is related to this subject: the
definition of the seven-day week. The length of our year is determined by the revolution
of the earth around the sun. The length of our month was originally determined by the
revolution of the moon around the earth. The length of our day was determined by the
rotation of the earth on its axis. What determined the length of our week? WebExhibits
(www.webexhibits.com/calendars/week.html) states the origin of the seven-day week is
unknown and, "The number seven does not seem an obvious choice to match lunar or
solar periods ... A solar year could be more evenly divided into weeks of 5 days, and the
moon phases five-day and six-day weeks make a better short term fit (6 times 5 is 30) to
the lunar (synodic) month (of about 29.53 days) than the current week (4 times 7 is
28)." Take a look at Exodus 20:11. And remember: This was written in stone by the
finger of God.
Is evolution compatible with the Bible? The problems with trying
to reconcile evolution with the Bible are too great to overcome. So great that there is no
current attempt by scholars to do so. The only alternative is to ditch one. Either God
created the world in six literal days as recorded in Genesis, or he didn't. Theologians
who try to reconcile evolution with the Bible only end up showing their ignorance of
science and scientists who try end up showing their ignorance of theology.
Suggested Resources
Organizations
Institute for Creation Research
The Museum of Creation and Earth History
ICR Graduate School
10946 Woodside Ave. North
Santee, CA 92071
Voice: (619) 448-0900
Fax: (619) 448-3469
Website: http://www.icr.org/
Creation Science Evangelism
Dr. Kent Hovind
29 Cummings Road
Pensacola, Florida 32503
(850) 479-DINO (3466)
(850) 479-8562 Fax
Website: http://www.drdino.com
Books
Evolution: A Theory in Crisis, Dr. Michael Denton
What is Creation Science?, Dr. Henry Morris & Gary E. Parker
The Young Earth, Dr. John Morris
Claws, Jaws and Dinosaurs, William Gibbons & Dr. Kent Hovind
Dinosaurs by Design, Dr. Duane Gish
The Great Dinosaur Mystery, Paul S. Taylor
Bones of Contention, by Marvin Lubenow
Websites
Christian Answers.Net
http://www.christiananswers.net/
Carbon 14 Dating:
http://cdiac.esd.ornl.gov/epubs/ndp/ndp057/ndp057.htm
Dating in General:
http://www.pathlights.com/ce_encyclopedia/06dat1.htm
http://www.christiananswers.net/q-eden/edn-radioactive.html
Noah's Ark:
http://www.concentric.net/~extraord/ark.htm
Ape-Men:
http://emporium.turnpike.net/C/cs/emne.htm
Copyright © 2000 Rev. Jeffery D. Elliott